extraction of tooth

Extraction of tooth

extraction of toothA dental extraction or exodontia is painless removal of a tooth and it roots from the mouth, with minimum damage to surrounding tissue. Simple tooth extraction are performed by general dentist whereas surgical cases are handled by specialist called oral and maxillofacial Surgeon. At city dental clinic both type of extraction are performed.

When extraction is required

  1. Extraction is done for a wide variety of reasons, the common reasons are listed below.
  2. Tooth decay that has destroyed the tooth beyond restoration. If tooth cannot be restored by filling or root canal treatment then is should be extracted.
  3. Extraction of impacted or problematic wisdom tooth is often performed
  4. Serve gum disease which may effect the supporting tissue and bone structure of teeth.
  5. Sometime for treatment of misaligned teeth extra tooth need to be extracted
  6. If a tooth is fractured then is need to be extracted
  7. If teeth has poor appearance it can be removed for cosmetic purposes
  8. Extra number of teeth should be extracted
  9. Wisdom teeth if it teething is blocked by some other teeth, called impacted teeth

Classification: Extractions are often categorized as surgical or simple extractions.

Simple extractions

Simple extractions are performed on teeth that are easily accessible to dentist,It is done usually under local anesthesia and require only the use of instruments to elevate and/or grasp the visible portion of the tooth. Typically the tooth is lifted using an elevator and dental forceps. When teeth are removed with forceps, slow, steady pressure is applied teeth with controlled force.

Surgical extraction

Involve the removal of teeth that cannot be easily accessed, either because they have broken under the gum line or because they have not erupted fully.

Healing after Extraction

After extraction of a tooth, a blood clot forms in the socket usually within an hour. Bleeding is common in this first hour, but is likelihood decreases quickly as time passes. Bleeding will usually stop after 24hours. The raw open wound overlying the dental socket takes few days to heal.

Precautions:

  • Do not smoke under any circumstances, at least for 48 hrs after surgery.
  • DIET
    • Use soft or liquid diet high in protein.
    • Drink large amount of water and fruit juices, do not use straw.
    • Avoid hot food for a whole day after tooth removal

SOME IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE TAKEN IN TO CONSIDERATION:

  1. Some pain or discomfort is normal after tooth removal surgery which can be controlled by taking pain medication. Do not drive an automobile or work around heavy machinery under pain medication Do not mix alcohol and pain medication Swelling after surgery is normal body reaction applying first 24 hours and not longer than 20 minutes at a time helps to control swelling Do not use hot fermentation.
    Complication after tooth extraction
  2. Dry Socket: A dry socket following a tooth extraction is a common complication in about 5% of people who have a tooth extracted .The condition occurs when a blood clot does not form normally in the tooth socket or the blood clot is washed out or dissolved prematurely. In dry socket situation, the underlying bone and nerves are exposed to air and food, causing intense pain and sometimes bad order or taste.
  3. Infection :- The wound of the tooth extraction can be a doorway for bacteria causing an infection particularly in patients with a weakened immune system .If a patient has a high risk of infection the dentist will generally prescribe antibiotics before and after the extraction.
  4. Excessive bleeding and /or swelling, redness or fever:- If you have any of these symptoms, especially if they continue after the first 24 hours, contact your dentist.
  5. Swelling:- when a surgical flap must be elevated minor to moderate swelling will occur.
  6. Bruising :- Bruising is more common in older people.

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